ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the cognition of colorectal cancer-related knowledge and influencing factors of patients with middle- and advanced-stage colorectal cancer in ethnic minority areas of Inner Mongolia. Methods According to the national population and the prevalence of colorectal cancer, 277 patients with colorectal cancer were selected by stratified and random sampling in Inner Mongolia. The patients were surveyed in Baotou, Chifeng, Bayannaoer, and other hospitals. The questionnaire included patients' basic information, cognition of colorectal cancer risk factors and screening knowledge, screening information, etc. Results Before suffering from the disease, the patients' knowledge of colorectal cancer (risk factors, early screening knowledge, treatment methods) was low. About 54.9% of patients were unaware of high risk factors for colorectal cancer, 75.8% of patients did not understand the knowledge of early screening of colorectal cancer, and 37.5% of patients did not underst and the treatment of colorectal cancer. The main influencing factors of colorectal cancer cognition were education level and occupation. Patients who work in institutions and enterprises and with higher education level had better cognition. Conclusion Patients with middle- and advanced-stage colorectal cancer in Inner Mongolia have poor knowledge and awareness of risk factors and screening of colorectal cancer before diagnosis. Education level and occupation are factors influencing colorectal cancer cognition, therefore, people with low knowledge rate of colorectal cancer and low education level as well as unemployed laid-off people should be given priority intervention.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate imaging characteristics of papulopustular rosacea (PPR) by high-frequency ultrasound combined with color Doppler flow imaging.Methods:From August 2021 to August 2022, 30 patients with PPR were enrolled from the Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and 30 healthy volunteers served as controls. The 22-MHz high-frequency ultrasound combined with color Doppler blood flow imaging was performed to measure the skin thickness, echo and blood flow parameters at the cheek, and the ultrasound results were compared between the two groups. Comparisons between groups were conducted by using t test or chi-square test. The diagnostic value was analyzed using the area under the curve (AUC) in the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results:In the case group, there were 12 males and 18 females, and their ages ranged from 22 to 65 years (42.3 ± 12.8 years) ; in the control group, there were 10 males and 20 females, and their ages ranged from 24 to 62 years (41.0 ± 8.4 years) . The epidermal and dermal thicknesses at the cheek were significantly higher in the case group (132.64 ± 12.29 μm, 1 812.29 ± 85.52 μm, respectively) than in the control group (104.34 ± 14.45 μm, 1 671.77 ± 146.55 μm, respectively, both P < 0.05) . High-frequency ultrasound images showed that the case group was mainly characterized by irregular hypoechoic areas in the cheek dermis (80%) , while banded moderately echoic areas were common in the cheek dermis in the control group (90%) ; subepidermal low-echogenic bands and dermal irregular hypoechoic areas were more likely to appear in the case group than in the control group (93.33% vs. 43.33%, 80% vs. 10%, respectively, both P < 0.001) . Compared with the control group, the case group showed a significantly increased proportion of patients with abundant blood flow signals (93.3% vs. 10%, P < 0.05) , and significantly increased blood vessel diameters (1.60 ± 0.42 mm vs. 0.95 ± 0.32 mm, P < 0.05) ; there was no significant difference in peak systolic blood flow velocity and vascular resistance index between the two groups (both P > 0.05) . The AUC of high-frequency ultrasound combined with color Doppler flow imaging quantitative parameters (including epidermal thicknesses, dermal thicknesses, and blood vessel diameters) was 0.989 (95% CI: 0.970 - 1.000) for the diagnosis of PPR, and the sensitivity and specificity were both 96.7%, which were higher than those of single parameter-based diagnostic model. Conclusion:High-frequency ultrasound combined with color Doppler flow imaging can help improve the accuracy of the diagnosis of PPR, by accurately and non-invasively measuring skin thickness and blood flow parameters.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To compare the in vitro susceptibility of fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans strains from superficial and deep infections to 8 antifungal drugs, and to compare drug resistance mutations in these strains. Methods:According to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) protocol M27-A4, 26 deep infection-derived and 33 superficial infection-derived drug-resistant Candida albicans strains were tested for in vitro susceptibility to 8 antifungal drugs (fluconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, amphotericin B, fluorocytosine, terbinafine, and micafungin) alone or in combination. DNA was extracted from all drug-resistant strains, and mutations in 3 drug resistance genes, including ERG3, ERG11 and FUR1, were detected by PCR. Normally distributed measurement data with homogeneous variance were compared between two groups by using two-independent-sample t test, non-normally distributed measurement data with non-homogeneous variance were compared using Mann-Whitney U test, and enumeration data were compared using chi-square test. Results:The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole and fluorocytosine all significantly differed between the superficial infection group and deep infection group (all P < 0.05) , while there was no significant difference in the MIC of amphotericin B or micafungin between the two groups (both P > 0.05) . The MIC of terbinafine was >64 μg/ml in 96.6% of the above strains, so could not be compared between groups. As combination drug susceptibility testing revealed, the combination of terbinafine with azoles (fluconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole or posaconazole) showed synergistic inhibitory effects against 15 Candida albicans strains (7 strains from deep infections, 8 strains from superficial infections) , with fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) indices being 0.033 to 0.187; no marked synergistic effect was observed in the combinations between fluorocytosine and azoles, between fluorocytosine and amphotericin B, or between amphotericin B and fluconazole, with the FIC indices being 0.56 to 1.125. The missense mutation V351A in the ERG3 gene was identified in all the 33 (100%) superficial infection-derived strains, as well as in 13 (50%) deep infection-derived strains, and the mutation A353T in the ERG3 gene was identified in 4 (15%) deep infection-derived strains; as for the ERG11 gene, missense mutations identified in the superficial infection-derived strains included I437V (32 strains, 97%) , Y132H (23 strains, 70%) , T123I (16 strains, 48%) , K128T (6 strains, 18%) , D116E (5 strains, 15%) , A114S (4 strains, 12%) , E266D (2 strains, 6%) , G448E (2 strains, 6%) , and G465S (2 strains, 6%) , while missense mutations identified in the deep infection-derived strains included I437V (23 strains, 88%) , E266D (13 strains, 50%) , E260G (5 strains, 19%) , and V488I (4 strains, 15%) ; the missense mutation R101C in the FUR1 gene was identified in 11 (33%) superficial infection-derived strains, but not identified in deep infection-derived strains. Conclusion:The drug susceptibility and drug resistance mutations differed to some extent between superficial infection- and deep infection-derived fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans strains.
ABSTRACT
Objective To understand and evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice of female human papillomavirus and HPV vaccine in Chinese mainland. Methods We searched the relevant studies about the knowledge, attitude and behavior factors of HPV infection and HPV vaccine published in PubMed, MEDLINE, CNKI and Wanfang databases about Chinese mainland women from January 1, 1995 to January 31, 2021.Two researchers independently screened the literatures, extracted data and the literatures with quality score≥5 points.Chi square test was used to evaluate its heterogeneity.Begg' s test was used to evaluate publication bias. Results A total of 33 literatures were included, with a total number of 46013 people.The results showed that the total awareness rate of HPV in the population was 65.9%, the lowest rates were 16.0%, 41.2% and 14.4% in Northeast, rural areas and middle school students, respectively; while the highest rates of HPV were 77.4%, 56.3% and 71.0% in Central China, cities and towns and college students, respectively.The main source of HPV knowledge was the network/WeChat official account number (38.9%), and the lowest was family/friend (4.5%).The population's awareness rate of HPV vaccine related knowledge was 41.4%, the highest rates were 51.8% and 69.7% in East China and medical staff, respectively, while the lowest were 23.6% and 12.7% in Southwest and middle school students. Conclusion In order to achieve the total elimination of cervical cancer in China by 2030 as soon as possible, people should strengthen their awareness of HPV and HPV vaccine related knowledge.
ABSTRACT
Objective To determine the in vitro effects of the traditional Chinese medicines, berberine, matrine and baicalin, on the proliferation and lipid synthesis of human immortalized sebocyte SZ95, and to investigate their possible mechanisms of action on sebaceous glands at the cellular level. Methods Inverted microscopy was used to observe cell morphology and determine toxic concentrations of the compounds. The MTT method was adopted to examine the effects of different concentrations of berberine, matrine and baicalin on SZ95 cell proliferation after 24 h, 48 h and 72 h of incubation. Lipid contents in the SZ95 cells were labeled with Nile red and analyzed by flow cytometry. Results The toxic concentrations were 1?10-3 mol/L, 1?10-4 mol/L, 1?10-3 mol/L for baicalin, berberine and matrine, respectively. Berberine reduced sebocyte proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner, with an inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) of 2.9?10-5 mol/L and 1.4?10-5 mol/L after 48 h and 72 h of incubation, respectively. When the concentration of matrine was 0.05). Lipogenesis of SZ95 cells showed a 26.9% increase with 1?10-3 mol/L matrine. Conclusions Our results indicate that berberine and baicalin can inhibit proliferation and lipid synthesis of SZ95 sebocytes in vitro, which suggests a possible clinical role in treating acne.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the changes of hair growth with the increase of age and to develop a new practical method to evaluate the extent of aging. Methods After the approval of the ethnic committee, 96 healthy volunteers (44 males, 52 females, aged 30 ~ 78 years) were recruited into the study and divided into 4 groups based on the age: 30-group, 40-group, 50-group and 60-group. Macrophotographs were taken from the vertex. Hair density and percentages of black hairs were counted using Photoshop7.0 software. Ten hairs were randomly plucked from the specified scalp area,and the diameters of hair shaft and hair bulb were examined by a micrometer. The percentages of the follicles, based on their morphology, at different phases of the hair cycle, were counted. Results With the increase of age, the hair density, diameters of hair shaft as well as hair bulb, the percentages of anagen follicles and grey hairs all decreased, while the percentages of telogen follicles and white hairs increased, and significant difference was found between the 60-group and other 3 groups. In each group, the difference between males and females was found only in some parameters. The diameter of hair bulb positively correlated with that of hair shaft. Conclusion This study suggests that the parameters of hair growth could be used to help rating the extent of aging.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the impact of severity of psoriasis on quality of life in patients with psoriasis vulgaris.Methods A questionnaire interview was carried out to the outpatients with psoriasis vulgaris(n=504)from Dec.2000to Sept.2001.All the patients were more than18years old.The content of questionnaire included daily life and activities,work and school performance,social activities and personal relationships,and psychologic status.Disease severity was assessed with psoriasis area and severity index(PASI).498patients were included for the final analysis.Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS software package.Results63.3%patients were restricted in their food selection.40.2%had bad sleep,59.0%could not dress short clothes in the summer.26.5%were restricted in use of public traffic and services.15.1%were rejected in haircut and cosmetic service.31.2%had decreased income along with severity of the disease.58.8%felt uncomfortable in social activities and public places.25.8%avoided handshaking with others.43.3%were reluctant in social intercourse.29.0%were not willing to take part in social activities,especially for moderate and severe cases.54.9%felt that their self-esteem was injured.26.6%thought that other peoples always avoided to meet them.64.4%felt anxiety for their disease.83.1%often worried about relapse or exacerbation of psoriasis.15.9%showed a tendency to commit suicide.Conclusions The more severe the disease is the more impact it may have on the daily life,work and school performance,social activities and personal relationship,and psychologic status in patients with psoriasis vulgaris.It is reccommended that besides the conventional treatment bio-psychic and social medical management be given to the patients especially for moderate and severe cases.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the effect of Chinese traditional medicines on human hypertrophic scar fibroblasts in vitro,and determine their effective dosage.Methods Traditional Chinese medicines were cultured with human hypertrophic scar fibrob lasts(Fb)and normal dermal Fb,MTT colorimetr ic assay and cell growth curve were used to compare the influence of ethanol extracts fromChinese tradi tional medicines on the Fb growth activity and growth cycle.Results(1)Chinese gall markedly inhibited the proliferation of Fb derived from hyp ertrophic scar and normal skin,and was more effective on the former in a dose-dependent m anner(0～400?g /mL)during 72h of treatment.(2)The half inhibition concentration o f Chinese gall ethanol extract was 100?g /mL.The morphology of Fb did not change when its concentration was below 400?g /mL,as compared to colchicine(
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the effects of tanshinone on the cultured immortalized human sebocytes and explore the mechanism of action of tanshinone in the treatment of acne. Methods MTT assay was applied to determine the effects of cryptotanshinone and tanshinone Ⅱ? at different concentrations on the proliferation of SZ95 sebocytes in 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after incubation. Lipid contents labeled with Nile red in SZ95 cells were analyzed by flow cytometry technique, and the expression of androgen receptor (AR) mRNA of SZ95 cells were detected by RT-PCR. Results Both cryptotanshinone and tanshinoneⅡ? inhibited the proliferation of SZ95 cells in a dose- and time-dependent mode, with the 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) of 7.473 ?mol/L (in 48 h) and 2.146?mol/L (in 72 h) for cryptotanshinone and 6.021 ?mol/L (in 48 h) and 2.25 ?mol/L (in 72 h) for tanshinone Ⅱ?. Additionally, as compared with the control group, the lipid content of SZ95 cells exposed to tanshinone Ⅱ? at 0.125?mol/L was decreased in 48h (P
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the effects on berberine hydrochloride on the mitochondria membrane potential and free intracellular calcium of HaCaT cells, and elucidate the mechanism of action of berberine on keratinocytes. Methods Rhodamine-123 fluorescence (very sensitive to mitochondria membrane potential) and Fluo-3/AM fluorescence (suitabe to detect free intracellular calcium in single HaCaT cell) were measured by laser scanning confocal technique. Results Fluo-3/AM fluorescence intensity of HaCaT cells was persistently increased after treating with berberine at concentrations of 5 ? 10-5M, 2.5 ? 10-5M and 1.25 ? 10-5M, and significant differences were observed as compared with the PBS control. The intensity of rhodamine-123 fluorescence in HaCaT cells was decreased immediately when exposed to berberine, with significant difference from that of the PBS control. Conclusions It is suggested that berberine could increase free intracellular calcium and decrease mitochondria membrane potential of HaCaT cells, induce overload of intracellular calcium, influence energy metabolism, and then inhibit the proliferation of keratinocytes.